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Verdict

Deep Overvalued

Every analyzed stock in Deep Overvalued1,218 companies. Each card shows price, our model's intrinsic value (IV), and how far price sits above or below it. Click any card for the full analysis. This is a research-triage view, not a buy/sell signal.

Educational use only — not investment advice. "Undervalued / fairly valued / overvalued" and every risk score reflect our models vs. price, which can be wrong or based on stale or incomplete data. Always review the company's own financials and SEC filings, and consult a licensed advisor, before acting.
"Deep Overvalued" by: Model value (price vs DCF) Owner-earnings return (equity bond)

This lens: price against our probability-weighted DCF value (P/IV). Its own forward record began accruing on 2026-09-10 (daily snapshots); until a year of it exists, the panel below tests the nearest cousin we can measure point-in-time — cheap on book value — and says so.

Market state today: Calm — the S&P 500 closed 3.1% below its 1-year high (as of 2026-09-16). Our rule, the same one used to split every backtest on this site: sell-off = 10% or more below the 1-year high, borderline from 5%, calm otherwise. A further 7.2% fall from here would put us in a sell-off. Since 2006 the market has been in a sell-off 16.6% of the time, across 13 episodes (red bands).
2007200920112013201520172019202120232025
S&P 500 (SPY, adjusted) distance from its trailing 1-year high, weekly. Amber band: borderline (−5% to −10%). Red band: sell-off (below −10%). The dot is today. History to 2026-08-19 from the research database; today from the live feed.
Backtest · point in time · 8,702 entries in the study

Does this screen work? The record for exactly these filters

Screen tested: Proxy: price-to-book ≤ 1.2 (undervalued band has no point-in-time history yet) · bought the day of the annual report, held 12 months
Probable Buy every company that met this screen on the day it filed its annual report, hold 12 months: on average it beat the S&P 500 by +12.6 pts (1,427 entries, 311 companies, very unlikely to be luck). 50% of entries beat the S&P; 25% beat it by 30 points or more; 30% trailed it by 20 points or more. Owning everything instead averaged +1.7 pts, so the screen's edge is +10.9 pts.
+12.6 ptsvs S&P, average
50%beat the S&P
25%up 30+ pts vs S&P
30%down 20+ pts vs S&P
+14.0 ptsvs small caps, 12 mo
−15.1 pts 2019worst year to buy ?
6.1luck check ?
Does the holding period matter?3 mo: +2.3 pts 49% beat6 mo: +4.6 pts 49% beat12 mo: +12.6 pts 50% beat24 mo: +21.8 pts 46% beat3 yr, per yr: +1.3 pts 40% beat
Market state at entryCompany-yearsvs S&P 12 movs small caps
Calm ◀ today1,245+7.9 pts t 4.6+10.1 pts
Sell-off (S&P ≥10% off high)182+44.5 pts t 4.0+40.7 pts
Sector (SEC group)nvs S&P 12 mo3 yrs / yr
Industrials & manufacturing466+13.0 pts t 4.0−2.2 pts
Energy126+7.4 pts t 1.2−7.8 pts
Other115+8.4 pts t 1.8+3.8 pts
Tech hardware & semis113+10.9 pts t 1.6+2.3 pts
Services96+11.9 pts t 2.7+12.2 pts
Retail & consumer87+17.2 pts t 2.1+10.2 pts
Finance & real estate72−1.7 pts t -0.5−2.4 pts
Utilities65+5.6 pts t 0.6−1.2 pts
Construction53+13.2 pts t 1.7−2.4 pts
Biotech & pharma44+47.1 pts t 1.6+10.0 pts
Telecom & media43+14.0 pts t 0.7−6.3 pts
Software & IT services35+39.9 pts t 1.8+1.2 pts

Holds up out of sample? Before 2018: +10.7 pts (n 629, t 6.0). From 2018: +14.0 pts (n 798, t 4.1). Same sign in both halves.

Year2010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
vs S&P+13 pts+5 pts+14 pts+18 pts−4 pts−4 pts+22 pts+12 pts−3 pts−15 pts+87 pts+8 pts+17 pts−9 pts−7 pts+15 pts
n254310610178841118178991297276108121115

Read the research behind this screen: Price-to-book still sorts, across all sizes → · Test your own combination in the Screen Lab →

Our model values are recomputed daily but were never stored historically, so this band cannot be backtested honestly yet. Daily snapshots began 2026-09-10; a true record accrues from there. Until then the nearest tested cousin is shown — cheap on book value — and labelled as a proxy. Point-in-time: each entry is one company bought at the first close after its 10-K filing date, using only filings available that day, held 12 months; result = total return minus SPY over the same months (vs IWM for 12 months; 3-yr annualised). Survivorship-tilted universe; no costs; read spreads, not levels. Educational, hypothetical, before costs.

KOLD
ProShares Trust II
Deeply overvalued
Financial Services Risk 63 · High
Price$28.36
Model IV$10.09
P/IV2.13
Premium +181% Return to IV: -64.4%
KOP
Koppers Holdings Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Industrials Risk 60 · High
Price$45.79
Model IV$31.19
P/IV1.31
Premium +47% Return to IV: -31.9%
Market implies +7.5%/yr vs model +3.8% · above model
KOSS
KOSS CORP
Deeply overvalued
Technology Risk 56 · Elevated
Price$3.41
Model IV$1.13
P/IV3.60
Premium +201% Return to IV: -66.8%
Market implies +13.6%/yr vs model +2.0% · above model
KRMD
KORU Medical Systems, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Healthcare Risk 57 · Elevated
Price$3.16
Model IV$2.18
P/IV1.86
Premium +45% Return to IV: -30.9%
Market implies -1.8%/yr vs model +15.0% · below model
KRO
KRONOS WORLDWIDE INC
Deeply overvalued
Basic Materials Risk 59 · Elevated
Price$8.18
Model IV$2.37
P/IV3.03
Premium +245% Return to IV: -71.0%
Market implies +19.8%/yr vs model +3.0% · above model
KRYS
Krystal Biotech, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Healthcare Risk 56 · Elevated
Price$347.00
Model IV$234.34
P/IV1.32
Premium +48% Return to IV: -32.5%
Market implies +24.1%/yr vs model +25.0% · in line
KSCP
Knightscope, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Technology Risk 59 · Elevated
Price$1.36
Model IV$2.09
P/IV1.40
Discount 35% Return to IV: +53.9%
Market implies -5.1%/yr vs model +35.1% · below model
KULR
KULR Technology Group, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Technology Risk 60 · High
Price$2.30
Model IV$1.35
P/IV3.54
Premium +70% Return to IV: -41.2%
Market implies +13.5%/yr vs model +50.0% · below model
KVHI
KVH INDUSTRIES INC DE
Deeply overvalued
Communication Services Risk 50 · Elevated
Price$7.23
Model IV$3.84
P/IV2.42
Premium +88% Return to IV: -46.9%
Market implies +3.2%/yr vs model -0.8% · above model
KVYO
Klaviyo, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Technology Risk 56 · Elevated
Price$16.36
Model IV$7.65
P/IV2.07
Premium +114% Return to IV: -53.2%
Market implies +29.3%/yr vs model +25.0% · above model
KW
Kennedy-Wilson Holdings, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Real Estate Risk 61 · High
Price$10.92
Model IV$5.43
P/IV2.03
Premium +101% Return to IV: -50.3%
Market implies +2.3%/yr vs model +2.5% · in line
KWR
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORP
Deeply overvalued
Energy Risk 68 · High
Price$153.69
Model IV$63.61
P/IV2.26
Premium +142% Return to IV: -58.6%
Market implies +15.2%/yr vs model +3.0% · above model
LAD
LITHIA MOTORS INC
Deeply overvalued
Consumer Cyclical Risk 60 · High
Price$345.91
Model IV$92.20
P/IV3.16
Premium +275% Return to IV: -73.3%
Market implies +24.9%/yr vs model +8.0% · above model
LADR
Ladder Capital Corp
Deeply overvalued
Financial Services Risk 61 · High
Price$9.61
Model IV$51.84
P/IV2.08
Discount 81% Return to IV: +439.4%
LAMR
LAMAR ADVERTISING CO/NEW
Deeply overvalued
Financial Services Risk 75 · High
Price$147.82
Model IV$75.29
P/IV2.02
Premium +96% Return to IV: -49.1%
LANDO
GLADSTONE LAND Corp
Deeply overvalued
Financial Services Risk 58 · Elevated
Price$20.54
Model IV$13.55
P/IV1.52
Premium +52% Return to IV: -34.0%
LANDP
GLADSTONE LAND Corp
Deeply overvalued
Financial Services Risk 58 · Elevated
Price$20.36
Model IV$13.55
P/IV1.51
Premium +50% Return to IV: -33.4%
LASE
Laser Photonics Corp
Deeply overvalued
Technology Risk 51 · Elevated
Price$0.80
Model IV$0.44
P/IV2.08
Premium +80% Return to IV: -44.4%
Market implies +9.4%/yr vs model +18.8% · below model
LAZ
Lazard, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Financial Services Risk 64 · High
Price$41.10
Model IV$13.76
P/IV3.44
Premium +199% Return to IV: -66.5%
Market implies +19.9%/yr vs model +4.7% · above model
LBRT
Liberty Energy Inc.
Undervalued
Energy Risk 62 · High
Price$19.47
Model IV$24.70
P/IV1.75
Discount 21% Return to IV: +26.9%
Market implies +3.1%/yr vs model +8.0% · below model
LECO
LINCOLN ELECTRIC HOLDINGS INC
Deeply overvalued
Industrials Risk 63 · High
Price$253.06
Model IV$170.20
P/IV1.52
Premium +49% Return to IV: -32.7%
Market implies +12.3%/yr vs model +8.5% · above model
LEGH
Legacy Housing Corp
Deeply overvalued
Industrials Risk 63 · High
Price$27.67
Model IV$8.74
P/IV2.75
Premium +217% Return to IV: -68.4%
Market implies +9.6%/yr vs model -4.1% · above model
LEVI
LEVI STRAUSS & CO
Deeply overvalued
Consumer Cyclical Risk 51 · Elevated
Price$20.16
Model IV$9.06
P/IV2.56
Premium +123% Return to IV: -55.1%
Market implies +15.3%/yr vs model +4.5% · above model
LFCR
LIFECORE BIOMEDICAL, INC. DE
Deeply overvalued
Healthcare Risk 74 · High
Price$4.12
Model IV$2.86
P/IV1.75
Premium +44% Return to IV: -30.5%
Market implies +1.7%/yr vs model +6.3% · below model
LFST
LifeStance Health Group, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Healthcare Risk 59 · Elevated
Price$12.97
Model IV$3.24
P/IV2.38
Premium +300% Return to IV: -75.0%
Market implies +32.4%/yr vs model +17.6% · above model
LFUS
LITTELFUSE INC /DE
Deeply overvalued
Technology Risk 59 · Elevated
Price$432.30
Model IV$135.06
P/IV3.46
Premium +220% Return to IV: -68.8%
Market implies +19.8%/yr vs model +3.0% · above model
LFVN
Lifevantage Corp
Deeply overvalued
Healthcare Risk 48 · Elevated
Price$6.17
Model IV$4.73
P/IV1.67
Premium +31% Return to IV: -23.4%
Market implies +6.6%/yr vs model +6.0% · in line
LGIH
LGI Homes, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Industrials Risk 69 · High
Price$49.42
Model IV$23.49
P/IV2.04
Premium +110% Return to IV: -52.5%
Market implies +12.1%/yr vs model +2.0% · above model
LGL
LGL GROUP INC
Deeply overvalued
Technology Risk 55 · Elevated
Price$6.78
Model IV$1.57
P/IV4.54
Premium +333% Return to IV: -76.9%
Market implies +7.9%/yr vs model +14.1% · below model
LI
Li Auto Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Consumer Cyclical Risk 65 · High
Price$11.76
Model IV$4.59
P/IV3.27
Premium +156% Return to IV: -61.0%
Market implies +19.4%/yr vs model +8.0% · above model
LIFE
Ethos Technologies Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Financial Services Risk 54 · Elevated
Price$40.25
Model IV$11.23
P/IV1.68
Premium +259% Return to IV: -72.1%
Market implies +37.1%/yr vs model +25.0% · above model
LII
LENNOX INTERNATIONAL INC
Deeply overvalued
Industrials Risk 60 · High
Price$366.04
Model IV$268.71
P/IV1.87
Premium +36% Return to IV: -26.6%
Market implies +10.2%/yr vs model +7.1% · above model
LINE
Lineage, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Financial Services Risk 56 · Elevated
Price$37.75
Model IV$33.93
P/IV1.31
Premium +11% Return to IV: -10.1%
LINK
INTERLINK ELECTRONICS INC
Deeply overvalued
Technology Risk 50 · Elevated
Price$5.61
Model IV$1.38
P/IV3.90
Premium +307% Return to IV: -75.5%
Market implies +19.6%/yr vs model +12.3% · above model
LIQT
LIQTECH INTERNATIONAL INC
Deeply overvalued
Industrials Risk 50 · Elevated
Price$0.71
Model IV$0.50
P/IV2.19
Premium +42% Return to IV: -29.6%
Market implies -3.5%/yr vs model +2.0% · below model
LITB
LightInTheBox Holding Co., Ltd.
Deeply overvalued
Consumer Cyclical Risk 50 · Elevated
Price$3.15
Model IV$1.00
P/IV3.34
Premium +214% Return to IV: -68.1%
Market implies +12.2%/yr vs model +2.0% · above model
LIVN
LivaNova PLC
Deeply overvalued
Healthcare Risk 57 · Elevated
Price$78.18
Model IV$44.42
P/IV1.66
Premium +76% Return to IV: -43.2%
Market implies +14.5%/yr vs model +8.3% · above model
LKFN
LAKELAND FINANCIAL CORP
Deeply overvalued
Financial Services Risk 64 · High
Price$60.76
Model IV$45.02
P/IV1.35
Premium +35% Return to IV: -25.9%
LMB
Limbach Holdings, Inc.
Overvalued
Industrials Risk 63 · High
Price$50.50
Model IV$40.99
P/IV1.89
Premium +23% Return to IV: -18.8%
Market implies +7.6%/yr vs model +6.8% · in line
LMNR
Limoneira CO
Deeply overvalued
Basic Materials Risk 61 · High
Price$13.38
Model IV$5.72
P/IV2.22
Premium +134% Return to IV: -57.2%
Market implies +11.8%/yr vs model +3.0% · above model
LNG
Cheniere Energy, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Utilities Risk 59 · Elevated
Price$270.98
Model IV$71.05
P/IV3.16
Premium +281% Return to IV: -73.8%
LOB
Live Oak Bancshares, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Financial Services Risk 77 · High
Price$39.40
Model IV$21.41
P/IV1.78
Premium +84% Return to IV: -45.7%
LOGI
LOGITECH INTERNATIONAL S.A.
Deeply overvalued
Technology Risk 59 · Elevated
Price$102.70
Model IV$84.71
P/IV1.44
Premium +21% Return to IV: -17.5%
Market implies +8.1%/yr vs model +6.4% · in line
LPX
LOUISIANA-PACIFIC CORP
Deeply overvalued
Industrials Risk 51 · Elevated
Price$66.79
Model IV$39.02
P/IV1.96
Premium +71% Return to IV: -41.6%
Market implies +6.0%/yr vs model +0.0% · above model
LQDA
Liquidia Corp
Deeply overvalued
Healthcare Risk 59 · Elevated
Price$66.74
Model IV$13.70
P/IV4.52
Premium +387% Return to IV: -79.5%
Market implies +20.7%/yr vs model +50.0% · below model
LSAK
LESAKA TECHNOLOGIES INC
Deeply overvalued
Financial Services Risk 60 · High
Price$4.27
Model IV$1.36
P/IV3.60
Premium +214% Return to IV: -68.2%
LSE
Leishen Energy Holding Co., Ltd.
Deeply overvalued
Industrials Risk 56 · Elevated
Price$5.58
Model IV$2.17
P/IV2.07
Premium +157% Return to IV: -61.2%
Market implies +6.2%/yr vs model +2.0% · above model
LSF
Laird Superfood, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Consumer Defensive Risk 51 · Elevated
Price$3.92
Model IV$1.63
P/IV2.16
Premium +141% Return to IV: -58.5%
Market implies +8.4%/yr vs model +7.9% · in line
LSTR
LANDSTAR SYSTEM INC
Deeply overvalued
Industrials Risk 62 · High
Price$172.78
Model IV$56.80
P/IV3.64
Premium +204% Return to IV: -67.1%
Market implies +12.1%/yr vs model -1.2% · above model
LTRX
LANTRONIX INC
Fairly valued
Technology Risk 51 · Elevated
Price$5.24
Model IV$4.67
P/IV1.62
Premium +12% Return to IV: -10.9%
Market implies +6.7%/yr vs model +14.5% · below model
LUCD
Lucid Diagnostics Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Healthcare Risk 60 · High
Price$0.78
Model IV$0.30
P/IV3.46
Premium +163% Return to IV: -62.0%
Market implies +9.8%/yr vs model +50.0% · below model
LUCK
Lucky Strike Entertainment Corp
Deeply overvalued
Communication Services Risk 69 · High
Price$5.49
Model IV$3.56
P/IV2.30
Premium +54% Return to IV: -35.1%
Market implies +24.1%/yr vs model +25.0% · in line
LUNG
Pulmonx Corp
Deeply overvalued
Healthcare Risk 53 · Elevated
Price$1.85
Model IV$1.11
P/IV1.49
Premium +67% Return to IV: -40.3%
Market implies +10.3%/yr vs model +16.9% · below model
LUV
SOUTHWEST AIRLINES CO
Deeply overvalued
Industrials Risk 61 · High
Price$39.24
Model IV$23.23
P/IV1.85
Premium +69% Return to IV: -40.8%
Market implies +14.0%/yr vs model +8.0% · above model
LWAY
Lifeway Foods, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Consumer Defensive Risk 61 · High
Price$24.61
Model IV$17.99
P/IV1.32
Premium +37% Return to IV: -26.9%
Market implies -1.7%/yr vs model +15.6% · below model
LXFR
LUXFER HOLDINGS PLC
Deeply overvalued
Basic Materials Risk 53 · Elevated
Price$17.30
Model IV$6.63
P/IV2.57
Premium +161% Return to IV: -61.7%
Market implies +15.3%/yr vs model +3.0% · above model
LZ
LEGALZOOM.COM, INC.
Deeply overvalued
Technology Risk 57 · Elevated
Price$6.05
Model IV$3.09
P/IV2.04
Premium +96% Return to IV: -49.0%
Market implies +15.4%/yr vs model +8.6% · above model
MAC
MACERICH CO
Deeply overvalued
Financial Services Risk 77 · High
Price$22.61
Model IV$11.62
P/IV1.94
Premium +95% Return to IV: -48.6%
MAGN
Magnera Corp
Deeply overvalued
Basic Materials Risk 59 · Elevated
Price$11.70
Model IV$5.42
P/IV2.10
Premium +116% Return to IV: -53.7%
Market implies +16.6%/yr vs model +8.0% · above model
MAMA
Mama's Creations, Inc.
Deeply overvalued
Consumer Defensive Risk 52 · Elevated
Price$13.14
Model IV$3.44
P/IV4.21
Premium +282% Return to IV: -73.8%
Market implies +33.7%/yr vs model +19.8% · above model