Vroom, Inc. (VRM) Stock Analysis

Price updated yesterday · SEC data refreshed 3 months ago ⓘ · Not investment advice

Vroom, Inc.

VRM Consumer Cyclical Auto Dealers📄 SEC filings ↗
Valuation N/A
Long-term trend (200d) 47% below 200-day Risk 60/100 High
▾ What's in the 60/100 risk score? (higher = riskier)
Fundamental health (43%) 62/100 → +26.6
leverage 62/100
Smart money (short interest + insider buying) (31%) 65/100 → +20.4
Macro backdrop (VIX, curve, credit, fear/greed + week-over-week momentum) (26%) 50/100 → +12.9
Total60/100

Contributions (weight × component score) sum to the total. This near-term score now includes fundamental health (leverage, FCF trend). See the Financial Health section for the full balance-sheet read.

💵 Price $10.15 · yesterday 📄 Financials SEC EDGAR · refreshed 3 months ago
📍 START HERE

How to read VRM (pre-profit growth)

This company is reinvesting instead of generating profit, so a standard DCF cannot price it. The useful question is whether the growth the market is paying for is achievable — and whether the company can fund itself until then.

Where to start — the sections that matter most for this stock
  1. 1 Reverse-DCF — the growth the price demands ↓
    It shows exactly how fast the business must grow to justify today's price. Compare that to what comparable companies have actually achieved.
  2. 2 Cash runway ↓
    Can it reach profitability before it has to raise money and dilute shareholders?
  3. 3 Interactive calculator ↓
    Set your own growth + margin assumptions and see what the business would be worth if you are right.
Or — what are you trying to decide?
A note on process: fear-driven decisions — including fear of missing out — tend to be the expensive ones. A stock up 10% a day for three days is excitement, not evidence. Whichever reader you are, the data below is there to be checked before anything is decided.
🚀
"It's surging — should I chase it?"
The momentum / FOMO trade. Before you chase, see whether the people who know it best are quietly selling into the rally.
🏷️
"Is it a cheap bargain?"
The deep-value trade. How far below assets and our value it trades — and whether it's cheap for a reason.
ⓘ Foreign filer — financials appear to be reported in a non-U.S. currency

VRM looks like a foreign company (ADR) whose SEC filings are denominated in its home currency, while the share price is in U.S. dollars. Mixing the two would produce a meaningless dollar fair-value, so we suppress the single intrinsic-value number rather than show a wrong one.

What to use instead: the growth trends, margins and ratios below (which are currency-independent), the peer comparison, and the company's own filings. A currency-converted valuation is on our roadmap.

ⓘ Why does VRM trade at $10.15?

Vroom, Inc. has 5.2 million shares outstanding. At $10.15 per share, the market values all outstanding VRM equity at $53 million. That's market capitalization, not enterprise value — enterprise value also accounts for debt and cash — and it matters here because VRM carries substantial debt. The share price by itself tells you almost nothing — a company can pick any share price by splitting or issuing more shares. What matters is the total value (Market Cap?Market Cap — The total dollar value the market is assigning to the entire company.
Why it matters: This is the number that actually matters when comparing companies. Two companies with the same business but different share counts have the same market cap.
Reference: Mega cap >$200B · Large $10–200B · Mid $2–10B · Small $300M–2B · Micro <$300M
Full explanation →) compared to what the business actually produces. This page values VRM in Per Share?Per Share — A company-level figure divided by total shares — what one share represents.
Why it matters: Per-share metrics are the only way to fairly compare two companies with different share counts.
Full explanation → economics — what each share represents of the underlying business. Play with the share-price calculator on the homepage →

Loading insider & short-seller data…
Checking filings for failure warnings…
PEER BASKET — LIMITED COMPARABLES

⚠ We found only 3 genuine same-industry (Auto Dealers) comparables — fewer than the 4 we require for a reliable median. The 8 names in the table below therefore include 5 broader Consumer Cyclical names marked fallback, whose business models and margins differ — which is why any median below is computed over that wider set, not over true comparables. So we do not derive a peer-implied share value here. Read the multiples as rough context only.

How does VRM stack up against its closest peers?

Ideally we compare VRM only to same-industry peers, but too few exist in our universe right now, so the basket below mixes in broader-sector names. Treat the multiples as rough context, not a valuation. For a leveraged business, EV/EBIT and FCF yield (both in the table) are usually more reliable than EV/Sales, because revenue multiples ignore differences in margins and debt.

▾ What's "EV / Sales" in plain English?

EV (Enterprise Value) = market cap + total debt − cash. It's "what you'd pay to buy the entire company outright" — you pay the market cap to shareholders and take over their debt, but you keep their cash. EV is fairer than market cap alone because it includes the debt the new owner inherits.

EV / Sales = EV ÷ annual revenue. So "2.5×" means investors pay $2.50 of enterprise value per $1 of yearly sales. Higher = market is paying more per dollar of sales (usually because they expect future growth or fat margins).

p25 / median / p75 are the 25th, 50th (middle), and 75th percentile of the peers' multiples. Half the peers fall between p25 and p75. The median (p50) is the typical peer — that's the benchmark we compare to.

What peers trade at (p25 / median / p75)
EV / Sales?EV / Sales — For every $1 of yearly revenue, this is how many dollars investors pay to own the whole business (including debt).
Why it matters: Works for pre-profit growth companies where P/E and FCF don't apply. The most apples-to-apples cross-company multiple because it ignores accounting choices.
Reference: 1–3x for mature companies · 4–10x for software/SaaS · 10–20x for hypergrowth · >20x is rare and demanding
Full explanation →		 0.1x / 0.3x / 0.5x

Bold middle number = median peer. Half the peers trade above it, half below. Computed over 8 peers (broad — see caveat); implausible multiples excluded.

Peer-implied value check
We're not showing a peer-implied price for VRM: with only 3 genuine same-industry comparables, a median built partly from broader-sector names would be misleading. Lean on the DCF above; use the multiples table only as loose context.

⚠️ Important caveat: peer multiples only work if the peers are genuinely comparable. Always check the peer list below — if the auto-picker grabbed micro-caps or unrelated businesses, the comparison is noise. A medical-device giant priced against tiny biotech startups won't produce a useful signal.

▾ View peer list (8)
Ticker Company Industry Mcap EV/Sales EV/GPEV/EBIT FCF Yield
KXIN Kaixin Holdings Auto Dealers $32M 250.2x 250.2x— —
NXXT NEXTNRG, INC. Auto Dealers $101M 1.2x —— 31.3%
CRMT AMERICAS CARMART INC Auto Dealers $102M 0.1x —— 79.6%
SPWH SPORTSMAN'S WAREHOUSE HOLDINGS, IN Specialty Retail ·fallback $51M 0.1x 0.3x— 11.5%
VNCE VINCE HOLDING CORP. Apparel & Accessory Stores ·fallback $57M 0.3x 0.5x8.2x 24.5%
STKS ONE Group Hospitality, Inc. Restaurants ·fallback $58M 0.5x —51.6x 347.8%
WSHP WeShop Holdings Ltd Miscellaneous Retail ·fallback $45M — —— —
THCH TH International Ltd Restaurants ·fallback $64M — —— —
FINANCIAL HEALTH SCREENS

Quality & solvency checks

Cheap stocks can be cheap for a reason. These screens warn when a low valuation comes paired with structural fragility.

Altman Z-Score?Altman Z-Score — A bankruptcy-risk score combining 5 financial ratios into one number. Predictive of bankruptcy within 2 years.
Why it matters: Cheap-looking stocks (low P/E or P/B) often have low Z-scores because the market knows the company is dying. Z-score warns you before you fall into a value trap.
Reference: > 3.0 = safe zone · 1.81–3.0 = grey zone · < 1.81 = distress zone
Full explanation →
Not available for this filer

The Z-score needs working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, sales and total assets from the latest balance sheet, and at least one of those isn't reported in machine-readable form here — common for foreign private issuers. We leave it blank rather than compute a distress verdict from an estimated input. It doesn't affect the reported figures in the financial tables below.

Piotroski-style checks (partial — not a standard F-score)
3 passed · 3 failed · 3 n/a
Partial result, not a standard F-score: 3 of 6 measurable checks passed. 3 of the 9 standard checks couldn't be measured, so this is scored out of 6, not 9 — it isn't comparable to a published F-score.
▾ The checks — what passed, what didn't (and what we couldn't measure)
  • ✗ Positive net income
    Net income -$53.1M in FY2025.
    Why this matters: Does the company actually earn a profit? Sustained losses eventually force it to raise money — diluting you — or take on debt.
  • ✓ Positive operating cash flow
    Operating cash flow $75.2M (was -$97.0M the prior year).
  • ✓ Cash flow backs up reported profit
    Operating cash flow $75.2M vs net income -$53.1M.
  • ✓ Return on assets improving
    Return on assets -5.7% vs -15.5% a year ago.
  • ✗ Debt load (vs assets)
    Long-term debt is 45.1% of assets vs 35.8% a year ago ($423.2M of $937.4M assets).
    Why this matters: Rising debt relative to assets means more risk and more cash going to interest instead of shareholders. Falling debt is a sign of strengthening.
  • · Short-term liquidity (current ratio) (n/a — data not reported; not scored)
  • ✗ Share count (dilution)
    Share count rose 185.9% (1.8M → 5.2M year-over-year).
    Why this matters: Issuing lots of new shares splits the pie into more pieces, shrinking your slice. Stable or falling share count protects existing owners.
  • · Pricing power (gross margin) (n/a — data not reported; not scored)
  • · Sales per asset (asset turnover) (n/a — data not reported; not scored)

Missing data is never counted as a pass or a fail — it's shown as n/a and excluded from the denominator. Each check compares the company against its own prior year.

INTERACTIVE — TWEAK YOUR ASSUMPTIONS

What if you assume different inputs?

Here's where we land — and what happens if you change the assumptions. Drag the sliders to set your own Discount Rate?Discount Rate — The annual return you demand for taking single-stock risk instead of buying a safe Treasury or index fund.
Why it matters: Higher discount rate = stricter valuation (a stock has to produce more cash to be worth holding). Lower = more generous.
Reference: 8–12% is standard · 9–10% matches S&P 500 historical return · Below 7% is illogical for single-stock risk
Full explanation → (the annual return you demand for single-stock risk) and terminal growth; the value updates live so you can see whether the stock looks cheaper or richer. The discount rate starts at 10.0%, the figure our model used for VRM. Open Advanced to also change beta, growth and the rate path.

Note: no headline intrinsic value is published for this stock (the valuation is held for a data-quality reason — see the notes above). The calculator below is a what-if tool: the values it produces are your assumptions played out, not our estimate.

4.5% (risk-free)9-10% normal18% (deep-risk)
0%2-3% (GDP)5% (rarely sustainable)

A full intrinsic value isn't shown for VRM because the valuation is currently held for a data-quality reason (see the guardrail notes above). The reverse-DCF reading still works — it needs only the price and cash flow — but we won't publish a forward value until the underlying data passes our checks.

For comparison — the revenue growth today's price already assumes
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—

—

⚙ Advanced — tinker with every input (beta, growth, rate path, margin → full intrinsic value)
Where the discount rate comes from — discount rate = risk-free + beta × equity-risk-premium
What you'd earn risk-free from government bonds — the floor under every other rate. Slide it down to model the market expecting rate cuts (value rises); up for higher-for-longer.
The extra yearly return investors demand for owning stocks instead of safe bonds — the price of risk. History runs ~4.5–6.5%; we default to 5.5% (slightly conservative). It's an estimate, not a law — lower it if you think equities are less risky than that.
Inflation reduces the purchasing power of a nominal return: a 9% gain at 3% inflation is about 6% in real terms. The intrinsic value above is already in today's dollars (a nominal DCF carries inflation in both the growth and the discount rate), so this switch does not change the value — it restates the return in real terms.
Higher beta → higher discount rate (sets the rate above). 1.0 = moves with the market.
What you think VRM can grow revenue for ~5 years, then fades to terminal.
For a pre-profit company: the % of revenue that eventually becomes free cash flow once mature. (Our published value uses the sector norm.)
All inputs start at the values our model used.

    Copy shareable link to this scenario →

    Price$10.15
    Model IVNot applicable — DCF couldn't price this stock. The other valuation lenses on this page (reverse-DCF, peers, sector lens — whichever apply to this filer) carry the read instead.

    Vroom, Inc. The market is likely discounting VRM due to its declining revenue, consistent unprofitability (0/5 years profitable), and rising long-term debt. The primary quantifiable risk is the implied decline rate of 20.0% compared to the model's 12.0%.

    ⚠️ Per-share growth boosted by buybacks: the company is retiring 4% of its shares per year, which adds directly to per-share growth on top of business growth. Final per-share growth used by the model: 12%/yr.

    As of 3 months ago

    ANATOMY

    Anatomy of a share

    What you're buying per share. Bars are at the same scale so you can see the relative size of revenue, costs, cash flow, and debt — not just read them in a table.

    VRM Vroom, Inc. stock anatomy showing per-share revenue, operating expenses, free cash flow, and debt
    −40.8%
    loss
    Where each $1 of revenue goes
    For every $1 of revenue, VRM currently loses 40.8¢ — costs exceed sales. A money-losing business can still be a good investment if losses are shrinking toward profitability; check the trend, not just the snapshot.
    Net margin = net income ÷ revenue (most recent fiscal year).
    Plain English: each share (at $10) represents revenue that isn't reported in machine-readable form for this filer (so no revenue-per-share figure here), $10.23 lost per share per year, and $12.14 of free cash flow per share from the latest fiscal year. Each share carries $81.63 of total debt (interest-bearing borrowings, current + long-term).
    What's free cash flow / what do these mean?

    Revenue per share — how much the business earns from customers, divided by the number of shares outstanding. Top of the income statement.

    Earnings per share — profit left after operating costs, interest, and taxes, per share. Two versions appear on this page and are not interchangeable: GAAP diluted EPS uses the company's weighted-average diluted share count during the reporting period (this is the "earnings" in "price-to-earnings"); net income per current share divides annual net income by today's share count. They differ whenever the share count has changed.

    Owner-earnings free cash flow per share — the cash the business produces for shareholders. Savng's owner-earnings FCF subtracts capital expenditures and stock-based compensation from operating cash flow (SBC is a real dilution cost even though it's non-cash). This is deliberately more conservative than "standard" FCF, which subtracts only capital expenditures — so our figure is lower than the headline FCF you'll see elsewhere. FCF funds dividends, buybacks, debt repayment, and acquisitions; a company can report positive earnings yet negative FCF.

    Debt per share — total interest-bearing borrowings divided by shares. High debt-per-share next to thin FCF-per-share is a fragility signal.

    THE KEY DEBATE

    What you actually need to decide

    Every stock price is a disagreement. Here's the single thing that must go right for the bulls, the single thing that breaks the thesis, and the concrete signposts to watch so you can update your view as real results arrive.

    🐂 The Bull Case
    For the stock to work, operating cash flow must consistently turn positive and increase, moving beyond the current 1/5 years positive trend, to demonstrate sustainable business operations.
    🐻 The Bear Case
    The biggest fundamental risk is the continued rise in long-term debt from $0M to $423M, which, combined with persistent unprofitability, could lead to severe liquidity issues.
    📌 Signposts to watch — update your view as these print
    • Quarterly operating cash flow trends
    • Changes in long-term debt levels
    • Progress towards consistent profitability
    MOMENTUM — WHAT'S GETTING BETTER & WORSE

    The trend, in plain numbers (FY2024 → FY2025, latest reported)

    Straight from the financial statements — no model, no opinion. For a small or unprofitable company, the direction of these numbers usually tells you more than any single valuation.

    ✅ Improving
    • Free cash flow turned positive at $62.9M.
    • Still unprofitable at -$53.1M — loss narrowing.

    Nothing was clearly worsening year-over-year.

    WHO

    Management & Leadership

    Paul Hennessy serves as the Chief Executive Officer of Vroom, Inc., having held the position since 2016. He has overseen the company's efforts to transform the used car buying and selling experience online.

    Paul Hennessy
    Chief Executive Officer
    WHAT

    What They Make

    Vroom, Inc. is an e-commerce platform that facilitates the buying and selling of used vehicles directly to consumers. It aims to simplify the car transaction process through an online experience.

    End Markets

    Used Vehicle SalesAutomotive E-commerceConsumer Automotive

    Revenue Drivers

    Used vehicle sales
    Financing services
    Value-added products
    Market Cap: 52.6MBeta: 1.55
    WHY

    Why Is It Priced Like This?

    Why Customers Pay

    Convenience of online car shopping
    Home delivery of vehicles
    Simplified selling process for used cars
    No discounted-cash-flow value for this filer This company reports its financials in its home currency while the shares trade here in dollars. Mixing the two produces a per-share value that looks real but isn't, so we hold the valuation rather than publish a number we can't stand behind. The reported figures below are the company's own.

    What we use instead: earnings (P/E, EV/EBIT), book value (P/B) — computed from the figures this company does report, shown in the sections below. Those numbers are unaffected by the missing cash-flow data.

    The market prices VRM at a significant 94.4% discount to the model's valuation, likely reflecting concerns over its fundamental health. This is supported by the company's negative net income in the latest period (profitable only 0/5 years) and its long-term debt rising from $0M to $423M, indicating financial strain and operational challenges.

    HOW

    Business Model & Valuation

    How They Make Money

    Online sales of used cars
    Revenue from vehicle financing
    Sales of vehicle protection plans and other value-added products

    The company funds itself through various means, including equity raises, as it has been unprofitable for most of the last five years and has rising debt.

    Free Cash Flow DCF

    Standard FCF DCF: positive free cash flow in a sector suited for cash-flow-based valuation. FCF negative in 4/5 years.

    Show advanced inputs
    Revenue Growth-47.0%
    Sector Default8.0%
    Best Estimate8.0%
    Methodsector_default+buyback(4%)
    Growth Basistotal

    What this model does NOT do: this is a consolidated owner-earnings FCF model. Standalone segment assumptions: none. It does not project its revenue segments independently; their combined effect is embedded in the historical revenue and cash-flow trend the model extrapolates. The calculator above can only approximate a segment's impact through the single consolidated growth rate — it cannot model any one line separately. For a true segment-level view, build a separate model from the company's segment disclosures.

    WHEN

    Maturity & Competitive Position

    Mature compounder

    Moat Signals

    Online platform convenience
    Logistics network for vehicle delivery
    Data-driven pricing algorithms

    The company has shown negative net income in the latest period and has only been profitable in 0 out of the last 5 years.

    WHERE

    Geography & Markets

    Vroom, Inc. primarily operates within the United States, serving customers across various states through its online platform and logistics network. Exact geographic segment splits are not available in current filings.

    Geographic Risks

    Concentration risk within the US used car market
    Intense competition from traditional dealerships and other online platforms
    SIGNALS

    Market Signals

    These are timing signals, not value signals — they describe the stock's recent price behavior, not what the business is worth. Use them for the "the thesis looks good, but is now the moment?" question. Each tile below explains what it's saying.

    Model bullish, tape bearish - divergence suggests timing risk.
    RSI?RSI — Relative Strength Index — a 0-100 momentum gauge. Above 70 = overbought; below 30 = oversold.
    Why it matters: Short-term contrarian indicator. Extreme readings often precede mean reversion, though not always.
    Reference: 30–70 normal · >70 overbought · <30 oversold
    Full explanation →     (14)    25.8OversoldHeavily sold off recently — sometimes a bounce setup, sometimes a falling knife.
    MACD?MACD — Moving Average Convergence Divergence — compares a fast and a slow price trend to gauge momentum direction.
    Why it matters: When the fast line crosses above the slow line, short-term momentum is turning up; below, turning down. A timing cue, not a value signal.
    Reference: Line above signal = bullish momentum · below = bearish
    Full explanation →    BearishLine below signalThe fast trend is below the slow trend — short-term momentum is currently downward.
    50-Day Average$13.29Price below (-23.6%)Price below its 50-day average = near-term downtrend.
    200-Day Average$19.24Price belowThe 200-day line is the long-term trend divider — above it is generally considered a bull market for the stock.
    50 vs 200 CrossDeath50-day below 200-dayA "death cross" — the medium trend is below the long trend (often read as bearish).

    Technicals describe price, not the business. A great company can have a "bearish" tape (a buying chance) and a weak one a "bullish" tape (a trap). Pair these with the valuation and health sections above.

    QUALITY

    Data Quality & Risk Flags (2 notes — click to expand/collapse)
    Guardrail Notes (2)
    • Per-share growth boosted by buybacks: the company is retiring 4% of its shares per year, which adds directly to per-share growth on top of business growth. Final per-share growth used by the model: 12%/yr.
    • Illiquidity discount 25% applied (small/micro-cap — harder to exit, demand a margin).
    FINANCIALS

    Financial Statements (5-year tables — click to expand)

    From Vroom, Inc.'s SEC filings (EDGAR).

    Income (5yr)

    YearRevenueNet IncomeEPS
    2025—-53.1M$-10.24
    2024—-165.1M$-91.07
    2023893.2M-364.6M$-209.17
    20221.9B-451.9M$-262.15
    20213.2B-370.9M$-2.72

    Cash Flow (5yr)

    YearOperating CFCapEx− SBC & adj.Free Cash Flow
    2025 75.2M 7.1M 5.2M 62.9M
    2024 -97.0M 3.5M 5.9M -106.4M
    2023 -533.7M 2.6M 6.9M -543.2M
    2022 -109.1M 24.2M 12.0M -145.3M
    2021 -568.7M 28.4M 13.4M -610.5M

    How we define FCF: operating cash flow − capital expenditure − stock-based compensation (owner-earnings basis — SBC is a real cost to shareholders even though it's non-cash). Latest year: 75.2M − 7.1M − 5.2M (SBC & adj.) = 62.9M. This is the same owner-earnings FCF definition the valuation model uses.

    Balance Sheet

    Total Assets937.4M
    Total Liabilities820.8M
    Equity116.6M
    Total Debt423.2M
    YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE

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    PG
    Methodology by Pouyan Golshani, MD — founder of Gighz. Savng was built by a physician for busy professionals: every number on this page comes from SEC filings (EDGAR) and FINRA data through transparent, rules-based models — no analyst opinions, no hidden inputs. How we calculate every number →
    ⚠️ Not investment advice. Automated model outputs, last refreshed June 11, 2026 (the analysis-refresh date, not the latest filing period). All models have blind spots. Full disclaimer →
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